各种帖子：

http://bbs.gter.net/thread-1510435-1-1.html

http://bbs.gter.net/thread-1532588-1-1.html

http://www.gter.net/a-18807-1.html

http://bbs.gter.net/thread-2030117-1-1.html

写作：

Argument漏洞论述思路：

1）改写相关漏洞句子，点明漏洞名称（The author mentions that… and there is a fallacy of…)

2）为什么存在漏洞(This is because)

3）臆测辅助解释漏洞（There is possibility that…)

4）归题推翻论点（So…）

Argument开头：

1. 指明结论(In this argument, the speaker/editorial concludes that…)
2. 指出论据(To justify this conclusion, the author cites… the author also points out that…)
3. 总结没有说服力(The argument is unpersuasive for several reasons.)

漏洞：1.划分论点论据，在里面找漏洞；

T8:模糊数据：基数可能就不多；从现在推测未来，可能现在有突发因素；

模糊数据处理点：1. 百分比限定，本来的基数；2. 平均不代表全体

结尾：

1）指出作者未能有效地支持自己的结论(In sum, the argument is unconvincing as it stands.)

2) 根据在正文段中攻击的逻辑漏洞指出抽象的修改意见，即可以在哪几个方面加强原论证来解决问题；(To strengthen it the speaker need show that… also need … Finally, to better assess the argument I would need more information about…)

Issue: 500words 【注意利用反证法，先顺着思路往下推】

开头段规避自己的观点

T54: well-rounded应该读文学。。。这个问题很复杂，需要深入研究～

有观点 无观点；绝大多数是有观点的

破题时要全面，辩证思维；不可以一边倒；

让步+反驳+反驳【让步，转折，递进】／反驳+让步+让步

例：T25合理性：素质提升，有必要，更多人接受大学教育；

​ 不合理性：1.建议类题目，可行性问题，经济压力很大；government，不能投入到其他地方；

​ 2.学生，不珍惜教育资源，可能素质降低；

如果合理性真的很多，就反让让；

后期Issue5种题目类型：

• challenge your position
• GRE issue写作要求确定文章中间三段结构

Issue建议类题型：1.必要性 2.可行性 3.充分性 （反证法）

1.建议可行性如何？2.是否会引起其他荒谬的结果？3.想解决一个问题，还有其他外围对策？

T54:为了学生全面发展，所有学校开设文学课程？

先分析必要性：理工科适用；（让） 文科学生没有必要，本来就有（反）

可行性：all；学生很忙；会不会引起抵触，违背初衷；找不到那么多老师，时间，教材等；【不太被推荐】

充分性：从不同的方面去发展

单词分类：

衰落：wane downfall diminish dwindle abate dys- ebb

活泼乐观开心热情：effervescence buoyancy ebullience exuberance hilarity glee jocularity jocundity jollity mirth cavort chipper delectation ecstasy ecstatic enrapture euphoria exaltation perky

有帮助：conducive

极好的：divine peachy

幸福快乐：beatific convival blissful

丰富：opulence affluence

可爱：cherubic

伤心：plaintive mournful grief poignant dejected depressed disgruntle dismay distress doleful dolorous dyspeptic embitter

被迷住：enamored bewitch captivate charm enchant infatuate enthrall enthralling entrance

妨碍：hamper impede encumber obstruction obstruct

冷漠：apathetic phlegmatic impassive stolid（不动感情）

渴望：pine（思念） crave hanker

重要：pivotal earthshaking

气愤：spleen resentment wrath rancor choleric crabbed edgy testy

可塑：ductile plastic malleable adaptable moldable pliant supple

可信有道理：plausible colorable credible believable

机灵：shrewd intelligent ingenious skillful

优雅：graceful poised elegant polish genteel concinnity

美丽：bonny bonnie comely seraphic snappy debonair engaging

漂亮时髦：chic modish posh swanky

美味：scrumptious delightful delicious toothsome dainty

俗艳花哨：gaudy loud showy ostentatious

壮观：spectacular sensational striking

磨光翻新：polish furbish refine burnish gloss

预告预兆：portend【贬】 precursor forerunner harbinger herald outrider boding prognosticate

污秽肮脏：seamy scruffy decaying dingy scrubby tatty unkempt slovenly shaggy

灾难：calamitous calamity

强大：potent

危险：precarious insecure

掠夺：predatory predatorial rapacious raptorial

凶狠残忍：atrocious brutal

混乱争论：knot riot snarl tangle

讨厌的傲慢自大等：pretentious aversion bumptious churl conceit consequential arrogant contumely effrontery obnoxious objection odium

诽谤：calumniate defame malign slander slur vilify derogate detraction defamation aspersion calumniation denigration vilification

遗弃：desert desolate obsolete 、

放弃：relinquish abandon abdicate cede demit surrender

讨价还价：dicker haggle higgle bargain huckster negotiate palter

不妥协：intransigent intransigence incompliant intractable obstinate pertinacious

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开头：
The arguer concludes that... To justify this summing-up, the arguer cites that... and points out that... The speaker's account of the ... reveals certain critical problems.
结尾：
In sum, the argument fails to substantiate its claim as it stands. To strengthen the assertion, the author need show that... and demonstrate that... Additionally, more information with regard to... is needed. Therefore, if the argument had included given factors discussed above, it would have been more thorough and logically acceptable.
中间段：
It is possible that... perhaps...
A survey that covers only... is hardly convincing that...
Ignoring... further weakens the argument.
Failing to address this pssibility further weakens the argument.
cogent 中肯的，有说服力的
But this argument is rife with(充斥着) holes and assumptions, and thus, not strong enough to lead to...

  
样本选择：
the scope and validity of that survey. This sample may not have been representative of... , asking only those who... We just do not know. Unless the survey is fully representative, valid and reliable, it can not be used to effectively back the author's argument.

Building upon the implication that residents do not use the river due to the quality of the river's water and the smell, the author suggests that a river clean up will result in increased river usage.
Regardless of whether the river's quality is able to be improved or not, the author does not effectively show a connection between water quality and river usage.
  
Individual cases could not be used to make a general claim.